亞馬遜試驗週30工時制

(Ajin開口)

科技能減少週工時嗎？

科技對僱傭的工作量是增加或減少？

想像你走進去一家超市或 7/11，看到機器人正在整理架上貨品，櫃檯也只有一個機器人在服務，整個付款，找錢，全部自動機械化。

你正在狐疑，過去那位漂亮可愛的櫃台小姐現在幹啥？她有工作嗎？若她的工作被取代了，那麼她的收入受到影響，自然她的消費金額就顯著降低。試問，當智慧機器人大量取代人工時，生產是要給誰消費？誰付得起消費？給機器人消費，這可能。但自然人憑啥消費？既然自然人工被取代，自然人無工作收入，哪來消費錢？這點是非常重要的。

若市面上大量發生這種效應，那麼這家超市或 7/11的銷售量當然也直接受到衝擊而降低了。那時自然人工勞力費用或可以免除，成本概念或需要重新制定，但對整個經濟循環，生活水準真的提高了嗎？

然而，再怎麼的科技發展，若不能讓生產力展現越來越短的工時，生活休閒時間越來越多，自由創新的工作越來越多，可以儲存的量鬆錢（liong-siong）越來越多，平均年壽越來越高，健康指數越來越強，只有能這樣反應到真正的生活，這才就做科技進展對文明的貢獻。也只有這樣，經濟發展才真正有意義！ 否則再多的火箭射到火星也對民眾日常生活根本無關痛癢，有鳥用？要不然，連最基本的市場功能恐怕都難以維持。

http://fortune.com/2016/08/28/amazon-tests-30-hour-work-week/

亞馬遜試驗30週工時制  （Amazon Tests 30-Hour Work Week ）

David Z. Morris Aug 28, 2016

<谷歌翻譯>

“華盛頓郵報”報導說，亞馬遜正在推出技術團隊，其工作人員每週只能上班30小時。雖然亞馬遜的員工很多都是兼職人員，但這裡的新奇之處在於，團隊完全由工作人員減少，包括經理人員。團隊成員將獲得與全職員工相同的福利，75％的工作人員的工資。

該計劃的既定目標是“創造一個按時間表減少的工作環境，並促進成功和職業發展”。該計劃伴隨著上週的一個活動，即重塑技術人才的工作與生活比例。

獲取數據表，財富的技術通訊。

對工作與生活平衡的提及突出表明，測試較低強度的計劃可能部分地解決了對紐約時報“紐約時報”對亞馬遜工作文化的調查。該報告將該公司描述為一個具有挑戰性，甚至無禮的工作場所。

但這不僅僅是一家公司的文化。 30個小時以內的工作週的想法也涉及技術和就業方面的幾個大型問題。越來越多的聲音認為，自動化正在降低經濟中的總體勞動力需求，這種趨勢只會增加。有些人認為一個30小時的工作周是為了更均勻地分配勞動力勞動力的平均分配方式，減少自動化增加收入差距的潛力。

墨西哥大選卡洛斯·斯利姆（Carlos Slim）進一步發言，認為減少工作週將增加創新成果，並通過老化模式轉變更好。

亞馬遜告訴“郵報”，它沒有計劃在全公司範圍內改變其工作週，但其計劃可能鼓勵其他公司提供類似的東西。它也可以對婦女的就業和職業生涯產生積極的影響，使工作與家庭和兒童保育義務平衡更容易 - 因為在異性戀婚姻中的男人往往沒有在這方面分享自己的份額。

http://fortune.com/2016/08/28/amazon-tests-30-hour-work-week/

Amazon Tests 30-Hour Work Week

David Z. Morris Aug 28, 2016

The Washington Post reports that Amazon is launching technical teams whose workers will only clock in for 30 hours a week. While plenty of employees at Amazon are part-time, the novelty here is that the teams are entirely made up of workers on a reduced schedule, including managers. The teams’ members will receive the same benefits as full-time employees, and 75% of a 40-hour workers’ pay.

The stated goal of the program is “to create a work environment that is tailored to a reduced schedule and still fosters success and career growth.” The initiative was accompanied by an event last week titled Reinventing the Work-Life Ratio for Tech Talent.

Get Data Sheet, Fortune’s technology newsletter.

That reference to work-life balance highlights the possibility that that the testing of a lower-intensity schedule comes partly in answer to a damaging 2015New York Times investigation into Amazon’s work culture. That report depicted the company as a challenging, even merciless place to work.

But this is about more than just one company's culture. The idea of a work week of 30 hours or less also speaks to several large-scale issues around technology and employment. More and more voices are arguing that automation is lowering overall labor demand in the economy, a trend that will only increase. A 30 hour work week is seen by some as a way to more evenly distribute the shrinking pool of labor among workers, and reduce the potential of automation to increase income inequality.

Mexican magnate Carlos Slim has gone further, arguing that a reduced work week will increase innovation, and mesh better with shifts in aging patterns.

Amazon told the Post that it has no plans to change its work-week on a companywide basis, but its program could encourage other companies to offer something similar. It could also have a positive effect on womens' employment and careers by making it easier to balance work with home and childcare obligations—since men in heterosexual marriages still often aren't doing their share on that front.

http://fortune.com/2016/08/28/amazon-tests-30-hour-work-week/